Living in the modern world gives you an odd sense of geography. For example, my current and childhood home is Denver, Colorado. Ask anyone what landscape comes to mind in conjunction with the place and the answer will inevitably be "Mountains!". I am a good example of this mentality. Despite living for much of my adulthood and most of my childhood within a few miles of the "mile high" step at the state capitol, I have only crossed the plains on the ground once in my life. As inhabitants, when our thoughts stretch beyond the limits of the greater metropolitan area they inevitably extend West. Yet geologically Denver is located on the edge of a basin that extends into eastern Colorado, southeastern Wyoming, the southwestern corner of South Dakota, and the Nebraska Panhandle. Thanks to air travel, it is easy to ignore the ocean of grass that all but surrounds us here.
So no matter how large the mountains may loom in our imagination, Denver lies on the periphery and not in the center of an alpine zone and shares much more in common in terms of climate, flora, and fauna of places like Cheyenne, Wichita, or Oklahoma City than it does with the Aspen.
To correct this error in thinking among future generations, I have elected to take my children to see what lies east and north of us. Our first stop was to hike the Pawnee Buttes in the Pawnee National Grasslands in north central Colorado. The buttes tower 250 feet above valley floor below and were created by glacial melt water at the end of the last great ice age.
From the car, the earth around them looks flat and lifeless. Yet walking across the land towards the buttes makes one immediately aware of the multitude of life that makes the grasslands a home. Butterflies, rabbits, locust, and snakes all scatter as we make our way down the trail. In the wind, even the grass seems lively and animated. Naturally the kids want to turn back at once but gradually the sense of adventure awakens in them as we follow the trail into the badlands. There the landscape is more barren but the view to the east more rewarding as the land stretches out beyond the imagination to the distant horizon.
Although the hike is easy and the Buttes about the right distance for a stop, I wish we had come later and spent the night under the stars before starting it. That way we would really have felt like to live in the grass and I suspect the Buttes must be even more spectacular at dawn than they are in the early afternoon.
Cruising the back roads we make our way north, north east. Sometimes the road is paved, sometimes it is not. The paving is deceiving because once we follow it until it ends - not at a town, but at a low fenced-in area with a few large, low mental air vents. A missile silo and a reminder that once this area was on the front lines of the cold war. Whether abandoned or one of the estimated 650 silos to be still active, we did not stay around long enough to find out.
Eventually the back roads led us to Pine Bluffs, Wyoming. Originally named Rock Ranch, Pine Bluffs was as the end of several cattle trails that began in Texas and once was a major shipment point for cattle. We stopped in the towns small but varied historical museum. The register said we where the first visitors in several days, even though the museum is only a few blocks from I-80.
From Pine Bluffs we made our way to place I had always wanted to visit Scottsbluff, Nebraska. Growing up the weather reporters on T.V. always mentioned the high and low temperatures there, which increased its significance in my young and impressionable mind. I liked the name Scottsbluff because I had a friend named Scott and figured whoever named the town must have had a friend named Scott too.
It was only much later that I learned that Scottsbluff was named after an early mountain man named Hiram Scott who fell ill in the autumn of 1827 on his way back to St. Louis from a fur trading expedition. What happened next is now more a part of legend than fact, but by all accounts, fearing for their own lives, Scott was abandoned by his companions. The next season when they returned, his bones where found some distance from where he was last seen near the magnificent formation of rocks that now bears his name.
In much the same innocent spirit, as a child I also thought Casper, Wyoming (a place we would visit later in the trip) was named after Casper the friendly ghost. Casper Wyoming was actually named after Fort Caspar, which in turn was named after a young Lieutenant in the 11th Ohio Cavalry, Caspar Collins.
In retaliation for the November 1864 Sand Creek massacre of a Cheyenne Indian village by Colonel John Chivington's 3rd Colorado Cavalry, posts across the plains were attacked by the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho. On July 26, 1865 sentries at the Platte Bridge Station noticed a large number of Indian warriors gathering. Since a wagon train of supplies was expected to arrive that same day, soldiers at the remote outpost feared it would be ambushed. Although he was only passing through the station on his way back to his own post, Lt. Collins volunteered to lead a small detachment of Kansas cavalrymen to warn the wagon train of the danger after their own officers refused to do so. Soon after leaving the station, the detachment was attacked and Lt. Collins killed (and according to some accounts captured alive and tortured to death). So were four of the Kansans. The supply train arrived in the middle of the gun fight and all but 3 of the 25 of the soldiers guarding it were also killed. Eventually the Platte Bridge Station was reinforced and renamed Ft. Caspar.
This might seem like some story of suffering out of a distant and forgotten past, but such men are not gone forever. What about Pat Tillman? He turned down a $3.6 million contract with the Arizona Cardinals to enlist in the Army in May 2002. Two years later Tillman was with the 2nd Battalion of 75th Ranger Regiment when he was killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire.
The world is lot richer, darker, and grittier than I imagined as a child. We name places, not after people we like, but after the people who do things we can't imagine ourselves doing in their place. Scottsbluff and Ft. Caspar were named in the hope that some of their courage would rub off on the people who stayed behind and maybe someday there will be a Ft. Tillman for the same reason.
The town of Scottsbluff itself was only laid out in 1900 by the Lincoln Land Company, a subsidiary of the Burlington Northern Railroad. Like many towns along the North Platte River, Scottsbluff came into being as a direct result of the railroad's extension along its banks. Together with Gering, Scottsbluff is the companionable size of 20,000 and is laid out in the orderly grid system so favored by real estate speculators in the 19th century.
Coming in from the south, we passed the spectacular bluffs on our left and historic markers, farms, and golf courses on our right. Aside from the bluffs, Scottsbluff seemed quieter than Cheyenne, and less wind swept than Laramie. Near our motel was a large plant for turning beats into sugar. Sweet. A accidental search of turned up what I think is a good example of the wholesome corn fed beauty you can expect to find in women there. The town has four public courses which confirms my impression on the drive in is that it would be a good place to be a golfer.